Including a cover letter in any application is strongly recommended unless the employer specifically tells you not to include one.  There are two main types of cover letters:

• A letter of application (most common): written for a specific, advertised position.
• A letter of inquiry: written to express interest in potential opportunities within an organization.

Both types should follow the general guidelines below and aim to:

• Showcase how your skills and experience align with the employer’s needs.
• Demonstrate your genuine interest in the organization and role, exhibiting information gleaned from researching the company/role.
• Reflect your professionalism and attention to detail through tailored content and proper formatting. Utilize business letter format and address the company and position directly in the letter.

Cover Letter Structure

Introductory Paragraph

• Briefly introduce yourself and your purpose for writing.
• Start with a strong, engaging sentence that highlights your enthusiasm or a key qualification. Avoid using “I am writing” as your opener.
• Mention the specific job title and how you learned about the opportunity.
• Show that you’ve researched the organization and explain why you’re interested in them specifically.
• If you were referred by someone, include their name and your connection.
• End with a clear statement of why you’re a strong candidate (think thesis statement)—this sets up the body of your letter.

Body Paragraph(s)

• Use the job description to guide your content. Highlight how your qualifications meet the employer’s needs.
• Choose 1–2 key experiences that demonstrate your strengths. Use brief, specific examples or short stories to illustrate your impact.
• Avoid simply repeating your résumé. Instead, connect your experiences to the role and explain what you can contribute to the organization.

Closing Paragraph

• Reaffirm your interest and summarize your fit for the position.
• Indicate next steps. If you mention following up, be sure to do so.
• Refer to your attached résumé and restate your contact information.
• Thank the reader for their time and consideration.
• Sign your letter. If submitting electronically, attach it as a PDF and include a typed or scanned signature for a polished finish.

Cover Letter Tips

• Tailor each letter to the specific position and organization. Avoid generic or templated letters.
• Write professionally: This is a writing sample. Avoid contractions (e.g., “don’t,” “I’ve”) and limit jargon or acronyms.
• Address the letter to a specific person. Avoid “To Whom It May Concern.” Use LinkedIn, company websites, or call the organization to find the appropriate contact.
• Focus on what you can offer the employer, not what you hope to gain.
• Proofread thoroughly. Spelling or grammar errors can undermine your professionalism.
• Keep it to one page, using a font size between 10–12 pt.
• Use a professional, readable font that matches your résumé. Avoid overly decorative fonts.
• Ensure visual consistency across your application materials (font, layout, paper if printed).
• For digital submissions, consider adding a scanned signature for a polished look.